ʻO ka maʻi ʻo Monkeypox kahi maʻi maʻi maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi monkeypox (MPXV).Hoʻolaha nui ʻia kēia maʻi ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana me nā mea maʻi a me ka hoʻouna ʻana i ka hanu.Hiki i ka ma'i ma'i Monkeypox ke ho'oulu i ka ma'i i loko o ke kanaka, he ma'i la'a 'ole ia ma'Afelika.Eia ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka monkeypox virus.
ʻO ka laha ʻana o ka Monkeypox ma nā ʻāina like ʻole:
Ke Keʻena ʻĀpana ECDC-WHO no ʻEulopa Mpox Surveillance Bulletin (europa.eu)
Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo
Ua ʻike ʻia he 25,935 mau hihia o ka mpox (i kapa ʻia ʻo ka monkeypox ma mua) ma o nā ʻano hana IHR, nā kumu lehulehu a me TESSy a hiki i 06 Iulai 2023, 14:00, mai 45 mau ʻāina a me nā wahi a puni ka ʻEulopa.I nā pule he 4 i hala iho nei, ua ʻike ʻia he 30 mau hihia o ka mpox mai 8 mau ʻāina a me nā wahi.
Ua hōʻike ʻia ka ʻikepili e pili ana i nā hihia no 25,824 mau hihia mai 41 mau ʻāina a me nā wahi i ECDC a me ka WHO Regional Office no ʻEulopa ma o The European Surveillance System (TESSy), a hiki i 06 Iulai 2023, 10:00.
ʻO nā hihia 25,824 i hōʻike ʻia ma TESSy, 25,646 i hōʻoia ʻia i ka lab.Eia kekahi, ma kahi i loaʻa ai ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, ua hōʻoia ʻia ʻo 489 no Clade II, i kapa ʻia ma mua ʻo West Africa clade.ʻO ka hihia mua loa i ʻike ʻia he lā hoʻohālike o 07 Malaki 2022 a ua ʻike ʻia ma o ka hoʻāʻo retrospective o kahi laʻana koena.Ua hōʻike ʻia ka lā mua loa o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka hōʻailona ma 17 ʻApelila 2022.
ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hihia ma waena o 31 a me 40 mau makahiki (10,167 / 25,794 - 39%) a me nā kāne (25,327 / 25,761 - 98%).ʻO nā hihia kāne 11,317 me ka ʻike moe kolohe, ʻo 96% ka mea i ʻike pono iā lākou iho he mau kāne i moe me nā kāne.Ma waena o nā hihia me ke kūlana HIV i ʻike ʻia, 38% (4,064/10,675) ka maʻi HIV.ʻO ka hapa nui o nā hihia i hōʻike ʻia me kahi maʻi (15,358 / 16,087 - 96%) a me nā hōʻailona ʻōnaehana e like me ke kuni, ka luhi, ka ʻeha o ka ʻiʻo, ke anuanu, a me ke poʻo (10,921 / 16,087 - 68%).He 789 mau hihia i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka haukapila (6%), a he 275 mau hihia e pono ai ka mālama maʻi.ʻEwalu mau hihia i hoʻokomo ʻia i ka ICU, a ʻehiku mau hihia o mpox i hōʻike ʻia ua make.
I kēia lā, ua hōʻike ʻia ʻo WHO a me ECDC i ʻelima mau hihia o ka ʻike hana.I nā hihia ʻehā o ka ʻike ʻana i ka ʻoihana, ua ʻaʻahu nā limahana olakino i nā lako pale pilikino i ʻōlelo ʻia akā ua ʻike ʻia i ka wai kino i ka wā e hōʻiliʻili ai i nā laʻana.ʻO ka lima o ka hihia ʻaʻole ia e hoʻohana i nā lako pale pilikino.ʻO ke alakaʻi manawa pōkole o WHO e pili ana i ka hoʻokele lāʻau lapaʻau a me ka pale ʻana i ka maʻi a me ka hoʻomalu ʻana i ka mpox e mau ana a loaʻa ma https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/355798.
Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo o ka nui o nā hihia o ka mpox i ʻike ʻia ma o nā mīkini IHR a me nā kumu kūhelu aupuni a hōʻike ʻia iā TESSy, ʻEulopa, 2022–2023
Hōʻike ʻia nā ʻāina a me nā wahi e hōʻike ana i nā hihia hou i nā wiki ISO 4 i hala iho nei i ka uliuli.
Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo o ka moe kolohe i hōʻike ʻia ma waena o nā hihia kāne o mpox, ʻEulopa, TESSy, 2022–2023
Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke ʻano moe kolohe ma TESSy e like me nā ʻāpana kūʻokoʻa ʻole:
- Heterosexual
- MSM = MSM/homo a i ʻole kane bisexual
- ʻO nā wāhine moe wahine
- Bisexual
- 'ē aʻe
- ʻAʻole maopopo a ʻike ʻole ʻia
ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ka moe kolohe i ke kāne o ka mea i moe ʻia e ka hihia i nā lā he 21 i hala aku nei a ʻaʻole hoʻi ia e pili ana i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a me ka lawe ʻana i ka moekolohe.
Hōʻuluʻulu mākou ma ʻaneʻi i ka moe kolohe i ʻike ʻia me nā hihia kāne.
Hoʻouna ʻia
Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia ka mpox i kēlā me kēia kanaka ma o ka hoʻopili pololei ʻana me ka ʻili maʻi a i ʻole nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e like me ka waha a i ʻole ma ka ʻōpū;pili kēia i ka pilina ʻo ia
- he alo a he alo (kamailio a hanu paha)
- ʻili-i-ʻili (hoopaʻa ʻana a i ʻole ka wahine kāne/anal sex)
- waha-a-waha (kissing)
- pili waha a me ka ʻili (oral sex or honi i ka ʻili)
- nā kulu hanu a i ʻole nā aerosol lōʻihi mai ka pilina pili lōʻihi
A laila komo ka maʻi i ke kino ma o ka ʻili haʻihaʻi, nā ʻili mucosal (e laʻa me ka waha, pharyngeal, ocular, genital, anorectal), a i ʻole ma o ka ʻōpū hanu.Hiki i ka Mpox ke laha i nā lālā ʻē aʻe o ka ʻohana a me nā hoa pili.ʻOi aku ka pilikia o ka poʻe me ka nui o nā hoa pili.
ʻO ka hoʻoili ʻia ʻana o ka mpox i ke kanaka mai nā holoholona i maʻi ʻia i ke kanaka mai ka nahu ʻana a i ʻole i ka wā o nā hana e like me ka hahai holoholona, ʻili ʻili, paʻi, kuke, pāʻani me nā kupapaʻu, a i ʻole ka ʻai holoholona.ʻAʻole ʻike piha ʻia ka nui o ka holo ʻana o ka maʻi viral i nā heluna holoholona a ke hoʻomau nei nā haʻawina hou.
Hiki i nā kānaka ke loaʻa i ka mpox mai nā mea haumia e like me nā lole a i ʻole nā lole olonā, ma o nā ʻeha ʻoi i ka mālama ola kino, a i ʻole ma kahi kaiāulu e like me nā hale peʻa.
Nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona
Hoʻomaka ʻo Mpox i nā hōʻailona a me nā hōʻailona e hoʻomaka maʻamau i loko o hoʻokahi pule akā hiki ke hoʻomaka i 1-21 mau lā ma hope o ka hoʻolaha ʻana.Loaʻa nā hōʻailona maʻamau i 2-4 mau pule akā hiki ke lōʻihi aku i kekahi me kahi ʻōnaehana pale nāwaliwali.
ʻO nā hōʻailona maʻamau o mpox:
- ʻūhū
- mai kuni
- ʻeha ka ʻāʻī
- poʻo poʻo
- ʻeha ʻiʻo
- ʻeha hope
- ikehu haahaa
- pehu nā ʻōpū lymph.
No kekahi poʻe, ʻo ka hōʻailona mua o ka mpox he ʻūhā, aʻo nā mea ʻē aʻe e loaʻa i nā hōʻailona like ʻole ma mua.
Hoʻomaka ka ʻūhū ma ke ʻano he ʻeha pālahalaha e ulu aʻe i loko o kahi ʻōpala i hoʻopiha ʻia me ka wai a ʻeha a ʻeha paha.I ka ho'ōla ʻana o ka maʻi ʻino, maloʻo nā ʻōpala, ʻōpala a hāʻule.
Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke loaʻa i hoʻokahi a i ʻole kekahi mau ʻili ʻili a ʻo kekahi poʻe he haneli a ʻoi aku paha.Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia ma nā wahi āpau o ke kino e like me:
- nā poho lima a me nā wāwae
- ka maka, ka waha a me ka puu
- ʻāʻī a me nā ʻāpana genital
- anus.
He pehu ʻeha kekahi poʻe o ko lākou ʻāʻī a ʻeha a paʻakikī hoʻi i ka wā e u ana.
He maʻi maʻi ka poʻe me ka mpox a hiki ke hoʻoili i ka maʻi i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe a hiki i ka wā e ola ai nā ʻeha a pau a puka mai kahi ʻili hou.
ʻO nā keiki, nā poʻe hāpai a me nā poʻe me nā ʻōnaehana pale ʻole i ka pilikia no nā pilikia mai ka mpox.
ʻO ka maʻamau no ka mpox, ke kuni, ka ʻeha ʻiʻo a me ka ʻeha ʻāʻī ʻike mua ʻia.Hoʻomaka ka mpox ma ka maka a hohola ma luna o ke kino, e hohola ana i nā poho lima a me nā kapuaʻi o nā wāwae a ulu aʻe ma luna o 2-4 mau wiki i nā pae - macules, papules, vesicles, pustules.Hoʻokomo ʻia nā maʻi i ke kikowaena ma mua o ka ʻāʻī ʻana.A laila hāʻule ka scabs. ʻO ka Lymphadenopathy (ka pehu lymph nodes) kahi hiʻohiʻona maʻamau o mpox.Hiki ke loaʻa i kekahi poʻe me ka loaʻa ʻole o nā hōʻailona.
I ka pōʻaiapili o ka laha honua o mpox i hoʻomaka i ka makahiki 2022 (ma muli o ka maʻi maʻi Clade IIb), ʻokoʻa ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka maʻi i kekahi poʻe.I loko o ka hapalua wale nō o nā hihia, hiki ke ʻike ʻia kahi ʻūhū ma mua a i ka manawa like me nā hōʻailona ʻē aʻe a ʻaʻole holomua mau ma luna o ke kino.Hiki ke ʻeha mua ma ka ʻāʻī, anus, a i ʻole a puni ka waha.
Hiki i ka poʻe me ka mpox ke maʻi loa.No ka laʻana, hiki i ka ʻili ke loaʻa i ka maʻi bacteria e alakaʻi ana i ka abscesses a i ʻole ka pōʻino nui o ka ʻili.ʻO nā pilikia ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka maʻi pneumonia, ka maʻi corneal me ka nalowale o ka ʻike;ʻeha a paʻakikī paha i ka ʻai ʻana, ka luaʻi ʻana a me ka maʻi maʻi ʻaʻai nui ka wai a i ʻole ka ʻai ʻole;sepsis (ka ma'i o ke koko me ka laha nui o ka ma'i i loko o ke kino), 'a'a o ka lolo (encephalitis), na'au (myocarditis), rectum (proctitis), o ke kino (balanitis) a i 'ole ka ma'i mimi (urethritis), a i 'ole ka make.ʻO ka poʻe me ka pale ʻana i ka pale ma muli o ka lāʻau lapaʻau a i ʻole nā kūlana olakino ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka maʻi koʻikoʻi a me ka make ma muli o ka mpox.ʻO ka poʻe e noho ana me ka maʻi HIV ʻaʻole i mālama maikaʻi ʻia a mālama ʻole ʻia e ulu pinepine i ka maʻi koʻikoʻi.
Nā maʻi hoʻoili ʻia ma ke kino
Ka ma'i lele
ʻO ka maʻi maʻi ʻo Monkey Pox
ʻIkepili
Hiki ke paʻakikī ka ʻike ʻana i ka mpox e like me nā maʻi a me nā kūlana ʻē aʻe ke ʻano like.He mea nui ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻana i ka mpox mai ka moa, ka maʻi ʻaʻai, nā maʻi ʻili bacteria, scabies, herpes, syphilis, nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia i ke kāne, a me nā maʻi allergies e pili ana i ka lāʻau.
Loaʻa paha i kekahi me ka mpox kekahi maʻi hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia e like me ka herpes.ʻO kahi ʻē aʻe, loaʻa paha i kahi keiki i manaʻo ʻia he mpox.No kēia mau kumu, ʻo ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ke kī nui no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hiki wawe a pale i ka laha hou ʻana.
ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i ka DNA viral e ka polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ʻo ia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ke keʻena hana no ka mpox.Lawe pololei ʻia nā hiʻohiʻona diagnostic maikaʻi loa mai ka ʻili - ka ʻili, ka wai a i ʻole nā ʻōpala - i hōʻiliʻili ʻia e ka swabbing ikaika.I ka loaʻa ʻole o nā ʻili ʻili, hiki ke hana ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana ma oropharyngeal, anal a rectal swabs.ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko.ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā ala ʻike antibody no ka mea ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻokaʻawale i waena o nā orthopoxvirus ʻē aʻe.
Hoʻolālā ʻia ka Monkeypox Virus Antigen Rapid Test Kit no ka ʻike in vitro o ka antigen virus monkeypox i nā laʻana huna pharyngeal kanaka a ua manaʻo ʻia no ka hoʻohana ʻoihana wale nō.Ke hoʻohana nei kēia pahu hoʻāʻo i ke kumu o ka immunochromatography gula colloidal, kahi i uhi ʻia ai ka wahi ʻike o ka membrane nitrocellulose (laina T) me ka anti-monkeypox virus monoclonal antibody 2 (MPV-Ab2), a me ka ʻāpana hoʻomalu maikaʻi (C-line) ua uhi ʻia me ke kao anti-iole IgG polyclonal antibody a me ka colloidal gula i kapa ʻia ka ʻiole anti-monkeypox virus monoclonal antibody 1 (MPV-Ab1) ma ka papa inoa gula.
I ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, ke ʻike ʻia ka hāpana, hui pū ka Monkeypox Virus Antigen (MPV-Ag) i loko o ka hāpana me ke gula colloidal (Au) -labelled mouse anti-monkeypox virus monoclonal antibody 1 e hana i kahi (Au-Mouse anti-monkeypox virus. monoclonal antibody 1-[MPV-Ag]) immune complex, e kahe ana i mua ma ka membrane nitrocellulose.A laila, hui pū me ka ʻiole pale anti-monkeypox virus monoclonal antibody 2 e hana i ka agglutination "(Au MPV-Ab1-[MPV-Ag]-MPV-Ab2)" ma ka wahi ʻike (T-line) i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo.
ʻO ke koena colloidal gula-labeled Mouse anti-monkeypox virus monoclonal antibody 1 hui pū me kao anti-mouse IgG polyclonal antibody i uhi ʻia ma ka laina hoʻomalu maikaʻi e hana i ka agglutination a hoʻomohala i ke kala.Inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka laʻana i ka Monkeypox Virus antigen, ʻaʻole hiki i ka wahi ʻike ke hana i kahi paʻakikī paʻakikī, a ʻo ka ʻāpana hoʻomalu maikaʻi wale nō e hana i kahi paʻakikī immune a hoʻomohala i ke kala.Aia kēia pahu hoʻāʻo i nā ʻōlelo kikoʻī e hōʻoia i hiki i nā poʻe ʻoihana ke mālama pono i ka hoʻokolohua ma luna o nā maʻi i loko o kahi manawa 15 mau minuke.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-25-2023